A Nepali kitchen gives you a lot of proverbs. Rice, ghee, milk, sel roti and the family feast show up in sayings about greed, manners, debt and patience, because food was the clearest way to talk about all of them. With Dashain Tika on 21 October and Tihar a couple of weeks later, it is feast season, so these are the ukhan tukka you are most likely to hear around the table.
Hunger and appetite
भोजन हैन भोक मिठो
Bhojan haina bhok mitho.
Hunger doesn't judge the taste of food.
It is hunger that is tasty, not the food. When you are truly hungry, any meal is delicious. It is often said to a fussy eater.
भोको पेटले सोच्न सक्दैन
Bhoki pet le sochna sakdaina.
When hungry people can't think straight
An empty stomach cannot think. Look after basic needs first, because nobody reasons well while hungry.
भोको भन्छ डाँडावारि खाउँ, अघाएको भन्छ डाँडापारि खाउँ
Bhoko bhanchha dada wari khaun, aghayeko bhanchha dada pari khaun.
The hungry one says "let's eat on this side of the hill," the full one says "let's eat on the other side." Need wants things now, and comfort can afford to put them off.
जसकी आमा भान्छे, उसको छोरो भोकै
Jaski aama bhanchhe, usko choro bhokai
The cook's son goes hungry. The person closest to something is often the last to benefit from it, like the shoemaker's children going barefoot.
Moderation
धेरै खाए मल, थोरै खाए बल
Dherai khaaye mal, thorai khaaye bal.
Eat a lot and it becomes waste, eat a little and it becomes strength. Overeating does no good, while moderate eating keeps you strong.
धेरै खायो भने चीनी पनि तितो हुन्छ
Dherai khayo bhane chini pani tito hunchha.
Eat too much and even sugar turns bitter. Too much of a good thing spoils it. It works as well for compliments and holidays as for sweets.
एक छाक खाने जोगी, दुई छाक खाने भोगी, तीन छाक खाने रोगी
Ek chhak khane jogi, dui chhak khane bhogi, tin chhak khane rogi.
One meal a day makes a yogi, two meals a pleasure-seeker, three meals an invalid. An old rule of thumb about eating, said half seriously.
खान जाने औषधि, खान नजाने विष
Khana jane ausadhi, khana najane bish.
For one who knows how to eat it, it is medicine, for one who does not, it is poison. The same thing helps or harms depending on how it is used.
जति खान नपाएर मर्छन्, त्यो भन्दा बढी खान नजानेर
Jati khaana napayera marchhan, tyo bhanda badi khaana najaanera.
More people die from not knowing how to eat than from not having enough to eat. Bad habits do more harm than scarcity. It is a fitting warning in feast week.
Manners at the feast
खान्न–खान्न लोकाचार, खाएपछि माना चार
Khanna khanna lokachaar, khaaye pachhi maanaa chaar
Acting shy about receiving benefits but taking more than your share when the benefits come
"No, no, I couldn't," then four manas once they start. A mana is an old measure of grain. Someone who acts shy about taking, then takes far more than their share. Every family feast has one.
फोकट को पाए एक मानो चुक पनी खान्छ
Fokat ko paaye ek maano chuk pani khaanchha.
Give it for free and they will drink a whole mana of vinegar. People will take anything that costs nothing, even something unpleasant.
चौटा खान गएकी बूढी झोलमा डुबेर मरी
Chauta khaana gayeki budi jhol maa dubera mari
Greed leads to even bigger losses
The old woman who went to eat the fish head drowned in the curry. Greed for one small prize ends in a much bigger loss.
घिच्न जान्दैनन् पकाउनेलाई दोष
Ghichna jaandainan pakaune lai dosh.
They cannot eat properly and blame the cook. A kitchen version of the dancer who blames the courtyard.
खाने बेलामा घिन नसम्झनु, सुत्ने बेलामा ऋण नसम्झनु
Khane bela ghin nasamjhinu, sutne bela rin nasamjhinu.
Do not think of disgust while eating, do not think of debt while sleeping. Some worries only ruin the moment, so set them aside when you sit down to eat or lie down to rest.
काम गर्दा नोकरले जसरी, खाना खाँदा राजाले जसरी
Kaam garda nokar le jasari, khaba khada raja le jasari.
Kaam garna pare paxi kaam garna ni tayar huni ani khana base paxi khana ni majja le khani.
Work like a servant, eat like a king. Put everything into the work, then enjoy the meal without guilt.
Ghee, debt and spending
ऋण काढेर घिऊ खानु
Rin kaadhera ghiu khaanu.
Gharo vaie rako bela sokhin jiwan juna khojnu.
Borrowing money to eat ghee. Taking on debt for luxuries you cannot afford. Families who borrow for the festival goat and new clothes have heard this one.
घरमा छैन तेल, खान खोज्छ सेल
Ghar maa chhaina tel, khaana khojchha sel.
No oil in the house, yet wants to eat sel roti. Sel roti is the ring-shaped fried bread made for Tihar, and it needs plenty of oil. Wanting the treat without the means to make it.
घरमा चामल सकिएको दिन एकादशी, गोजीमा पैसो सकिएको दिन औंसी
Ghar ma chamal sakiyeko din ekadashi, goji ma paisa sakiyeko din aunshi
The day the rice runs out is Ekadashi, the day the pocket is empty is Aunsi. Ekadashi and Aunsi are fasting days, so the joke is calling forced hunger a religious fast.
मनको लड्डु घ्यूसँग खानु
Man ko laddu ghiu sanga khaanu.
Eating the laddus in your mind with ghee. Daydreaming, where an imaginary sweet costs nothing, so you may as well add ghee.
राजाको घरमा नुन को दु:ख
Raajaa ko ghar maa nun ko dukha
A shortage of salt in the king's house. Missing the most basic thing where there should be plenty of everything.
घ्यु केमा पोखियो? दालमा
Ghyu k maa pokhiyo? daal maa.
"Where did the ghee spill?" "Into the lentils." Nothing was lost, because it ended up where it would have gone anyway. Said when money stays in the family.
Milk, sugar and sweet things
तातो दुध निल्नु न ओकल्नु
Taato dudh nilnu na okalnu.
Hot milk that you can neither swallow nor spit out. A situation where every choice hurts.
दूध दिने गाईको लात्ती पनि सहनुपर्छ
Dudh dine gai ko latti pani sahanu parchha.
You have to put up with kicks from the cow that gives milk. People who are useful to you sometimes come with a difficult side.
दुधको साक्षी बिरालो
Dudh ko saakshi biralo.
The cat as witness to the milk. Asking the most interested party to vouch for something.
बिरालोको हातमा सिद्राको नासो
Biralo ko haat maa sidhra ko naaso.
Dried fish left in a cat's care. Trusting the very person most likely to take it, like the fox guarding the henhouse.
चिनीको नाम जपेर मुख गुलियो हुदैन
Chini ko naam japera mukh guliyo hudaina
Chanting the word "sugar" will not sweeten your mouth. Talking about something is not the same as doing it.
गुरू गुँढ चेला चिनी
Guru gud chelaa chini.
The teacher is jaggery, the student is sugar. Jaggery is raw cane sugar, and refined sugar comes from it, so the student has gone further than the teacher.
आफुले खान नपाएको अंगुर अमिलो
Aafule khaana napaayeko angur amilo.
Telling bad things about a thing you can't get
The grapes you cannot eat are sour. The same idea as Aesop's fox: running down what you could not get.
आँपको आँप, कोयाको दाम
Aanp ko aanp, khoya ko daam
Don't expect the same treatment from others that you don't give them.
The price of the mango, and the price of the stone too. Getting paid twice for the same thing. Much like "having your cake and eating it."
Who works and who eats
काम गर्ने कालु मकै खाने भालु
Kaam garne kaalu, makai khaane bhaalu.
Euta le kaam garni arko le pasansa/upahar paune.
Kalu does the work, the bear eats the maize. One person does the labour and someone else enjoys the harvest or the credit.
जसको सीता खानु, उसकै गीता गाउनु
Jasko sita khanu, uskai gita gaunu.
Jasko nun khayeko xa usaiko ghunghan gaunu
Sing the Gita of whoever's food you eat. People praise whoever feeds them. The older form is "sing the praises of the one whose salt you eat."
रोटी चिल्लो मिठो, कुरा खस्रो मिठो
Roti chillo mitho, kura khasro mitho.
Bread is tasty when it is oily, words are tasty when they are rough. Food should be rich, but honest, blunt talk is what helps.
Before the next feast
Food proverbs are easy to use because everyone has eaten. Next time a cousin says "no, no" and then piles their plate, or a friend borrows for a Dashain shopping spree, you will have the right line. If you have a family saying about food that is not here, send it through the About page.
For more on spending, see Nepali proverbs about time, money and moderation. For the ones elders like to repeat at family gatherings, see Nepali proverbs about family. The full collection is on the proverbs page.